Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and medical treatments. However, their potential toxicity remains a significant concern. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the toxicity connected with upconversion nanoparticles. It explores various asp

Zinc oxide is a mineral renowned for its remarkable strength to protect delicate skin. This soothing ingredient has long been utilized in a range of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its remarkable protective characteristics. Creating a physical defense on the skin's exterior, zinc oxide effectively absorbs harmful